General Knowledge Of ASTM A216
This covers materials specification of carbon steel castings materials for Valves, all types of flanges, all types of fittings, or other pressure-containing parts for high-temperature service and suitable for assembly with other castings or wrought-steel parts by fusion welding. Within the ASTMA216 materials grade cover three grades, WCA, WCB, and WCC. The mentioned grades Selection will depend upon design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and the temperature characteristics for the system. And within this standard covers only carbon cost steel fitting, but for forging fitting and materials will be covered in ASTM A105.
ASTM A216 WCA
As given below in WCA grade, WCA material fitting has a slightly lower pressure/ temperature rating than WCB as it has a lower yield strength and a slightly lower manganese content. In the term WCA, for A each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified maximum carbon content, an increase of 0.04 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.10 %. A Determine by either 0.2 % offset method or 0.5 % extension-under-load method.
ASTM A216 WCB
Temperature Range: -29~425°C, Equivalent to material grade: ASTM A105, This is Suitable for Fluid: Oil, Gas, Water, Petrochemical, Non Corrosion Fluid. In WCB, B For each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified maximum carbon content, an increase of 0.04 % Mn above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.28 %. B When ICI test bars are used in tensile testing as provided for in Specification A703/A703M, the gauge length to reduced section diameter ratio shall be 4 to 1.
ASTM A216 WCC
C For each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified maximum carbon content, an increase of 0.04 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted to a maximum of 1.40 %.
The measure part is to select which grade is best suited for your application. This is critical for any system design because the final life of the system depends on the equipment materials. The heat treated and furnished for carbon steel castings should be annealed, normalized, or normalized and tempered in conditions after they have been allowed to cool below the transformation range. There are two same grades and very similar to each other ASTM A216 and ASTM A216M. The measurement values noted in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are always shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
ASTM A216 Materials Chemical and Mechanical Properties charts
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ASTM A216 Materials Chemical
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| Grades | Iron (Fe) | Residuals | Manganese (Mn) | Silicon (Si) | Carbon (C) | Sulfur (S) | Phosphorus (P) | ||||
| Grade A | 97.4 to 100 % | 0 to 1.0 % | 0 to 0.7 % | 0 to 0.6 % | 0 to 0.25 % | 0 to 0.045 % | 0 to 0.04 % | ||||
| Grade B | 97 to 100 % | 0 to 1.0 % | 0 to 1 % | 0 to 0.6 % | 1 to 0.3 % | 0 to 0.045 % | 0 to 0.04 % | ||||
| Grade C | 96.9 to 100 % | 0 to 1.0 % |
: 0 to 1.2 %
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0 to 0.6 % | 0 to 0.25 % | 0 to 0.045 % | 0 to 0.04 % | ||||
ASTM A216 Materials Mechanical Properties charts
| Mechanical Properties | |||
| Mechanical Properties | ASTM A216 Grade WCA Cast Steel | ASTM A216 Grade WCB Cast Steel | ASTM A216 Grade WCC Cast Stee |
| Density: | 7.82 g/cm3 (488 lb/ft3) | 7.82 g/cm3 (488 lb/ft3) | 7.82 g/cm3 (488 lb/ft3) |
| Elastic (Young’s, Tensile) Modulus: | 210 GPa (30 x 106 psi) | 210 GPa (30 x 106 psi) | 210 GPa (30 x 106 psi) |
| Elongation at Break: | 28 % | 25 % | 25 % |
| Specific Heat Capacity: | 450 J/kg-K | 450 J/kg-K | 450 J/kg-K |
| Strength to Weight Ratio: | 64 kN-m/kg | 73 kN-m/kg | 73 kN-m/kg |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS): | 500 MPa (73 x 103 psi) | 570 MPa (83 x 103 psi) | 570 MPa (83 x 103 psi) |
| Tensile Strength | 220 MPa (32 x 103 psi) | 280 MPa (41 x 103 psi) | 300 MPa (44 x 103 psi) |
| Thermal Expansion: | 11.8 µm/m-K | 11.9 µm/m-K | 11.9 µm/m-K |
